Louis Napolean's France

Outline:

A.  Louis-Philippe as a liberal king in France; crop failures lead to 1848 depression.

B.  The Revolution of 1848; Class warfare inspires Karl Marx and Frederick Engels

C.  Louis Napoleon is the man in the middle for the Second Republic until he makes it the Second Empire and himself its emperor.

D. The Franco-Prussian War:  Paris goes to the Commune; French troops leave Rome which falls to Italian revolutionaries; Vatican I ends prematurely; at Versailles, Germans create the Second Reich.  Marian apparition at Pontmain.  “We cannot go further.  Over there, toward Brittany, ther is an invisible Madonna barring our way.”