Reformers Not from Wittenberg U.

Outline:

A.  After looking at dissenters and Renaissance popes, we turn our attention to Catholic reformers before 1517.

B.  The influence of Cardinal Ximenes de Cisneros in Spain

C.  Vibrant spiritual renewal “under the turf.”

Questions to Consider:

1.  How did Cardinal Ximenes de Cisneros reform the Church in Spain years before the Protestant Reformation began?

2.  The Fifth Lateran Council and Pico della Mirandola.  If Leo leaves crime any longer unpunished, if he refuses to heal wounds, it is to be feared that God Himself will no longer apply a slow remedy but will cut off and destroy the diseased members with fire and sword.

3.  Describe the grass roots spiritual renewal of the pre-reformation Church by groups like the Brethren of the Common Life and the devotion moderna.

Bibliography: 

Warren  H. Carroll.  THE CLEAVING OF CHRISTENDOM.  Vol. 4.  Front Royal:  Christendom Press.  2002. 

Elton, G. R.  THE NEW CAMBRIDGE MODERN HISTORY:  THE REFORMATION:  1520 – 1559.  Cambridge:  The University Press.  1958.

Harold J. Grimm.  THE REFORMATION ERA:  1500 – 1650.  London:  Collier-Macmillan Company.  1969.

Alfred Hughes.  SPIRITUAL MASTERS.  Huntington:  Our Sunday Visitor Publishing Division.  1998.

Pierre Janelle.  THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION.  Milwaukee:  The Bruce Publishing Company.  1963.

Eugene F. Rice, Jr.  THE FOUNDATIONS OF EARLY MODERN EUROPE, 1460-1559.  New York:  W. W. Norton & Company.  1970.